aws opsworks delete-instance \ --region us-east-1 \ --instance-id 3a21cfac-4a1f-4ce2-a921-b2cfba6f7771. Tushar_J. If you. See also: AWS API Documentation. 1. In the confirmation dialog box, select “Yes, Terminate”. Hello guys, In this video I have discussed how to terminate EC2 Instance from AWS Console. Lists all clusters created after the. Lightsail resources are billed incrementally in hours or in fractions of GB-months. Terminating the instance will trigger a new one to launch, as each application has by default at least one instance. Select the instance that you created for this tutorial, and choose Instance state, Terminate instance. This feature helps you stop and start the instances or reboot them without worrying about Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling terminating the instances as part of its health checks or during scale-in events. Share. Search ec2 instance by its name from aws command line tool. For instructions on how to avoid this problem, see Security groups on the EC2 Instances page of this guide. For more information about these command line interfaces, see Access Amazon EC2. -2. The supported value is ec2. Customers needing to keep an Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) instance stopped for more than 7 days, look for ways to efficiently re-stop the database after being automatically started by Amazon RDS. Now, lets imagine that the price for a t2. Click on Instances and select the instance. What I cannot find is a say to have the "data" volume take a snapshot before it deletes. 20 Python/3. 1. 1. terraform -chdir=terraform-aws-ec2-mac apply -var-file="my. Choose Create function, Author from scratch. If the group has a warm pool, the force delete option also deletes the warm pool. Select the instance you want to delete and click the Actions drop-down menu. Deletes a specified instance, which terminates the associated Amazon EC2 instance. You can check if a volume is attached to an instance. Choose Create read replica. If the instance is running, click stop in the Actions column. Click the Autoscaling Groups menu item. This will safely restart your EC2 instance. ”. One common reason is that the security group of another environment has a dependency on the security group of the environment that you want to terminate. block-device-mapping. Once you’ve selected “terminate,” you will receive a pop-up confirmation. As a result, new instances might not receive traffic while terminated instances continue to receive requests. Delete or terminate EC2 resources. Reply reply AWS_Chaos • You won't need them to delete the EBS. ** Edit ** Worth noting that if you terminate the spot instance within an instance hour then you pay for the full hour, even if you only. otherwise they are cleaned up by AWS when needed, sometimes it takes up to 1 hour, and you really can do nothing about it. CloudFormation displays the Edit termination protection dialog box. This will pop up an attribute box which will state the Delete on Termination flag. Once all that is done, you. This page displays all of the recovery instances that you have launched in AWS for your source servers, as well as recovery instances that you have added to directly to Elastic Disaster Recovery. However, if you terminate a STOPPED container instance with disconnected agents, the container instance isn't automatically removed from the cluster. Write small scripts (using the AWS CLI or Boto) or a small website that will query AWS and show your infrastructure the way you want to see it. Select ‘Terminate’ under ‘Instance State’. For all EBS volumes created with an EC2 instance, that setting is determined by the value saved in the AMI, for root volumes or extra volumes. The instance type update requires a replacement of the original instance, so a temporary instance was launched and put in service. micro Amazon EC2 instance at closure. When you delete the autoscaling group, any instances attached to the autoscaling. com. If the Pods haven't drained after a few minutes, Amazon EKS lets. AWS EC2: For an running instance, how to change setting to be "keep volume after instance termination"? When terminating an instance, its volumes can be deleted automatically. In the Amazon EC2 console, open the Instances pane and select an instance. NuGet packages:In this section, we are going to see how to terminate multiple EC2 instances at the same time using the AWS CLI command. Terminate the instance using the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI). If the instance is already running, you can set DeleteOnTermination to False using the command line. ”. In the console, a deleted endpoint no longer appears. 9. 我所有的实例都已经终止,为什么还要为 Amazon EC2 付费? 为什么我找不到在我的账户上启动的 Amazon EC2 实例? 我收到了来自 AWS 的账单,但找不到与费用相关的资源,该怎么办? 在我所有的 Amazon EC2 实例终止后,我为什么还要为弹性 IP 地址付费?Skip directly to the demo: 0:35For more details, see the Knowledge Center article associated with this video: I terminate this instance through web console, another instance with the same name(but different instance id) will show up later. If you launch an instance that isn't within the AWS Free Tier, you are billed after you launch the instance and charged for the time that the instance is running, even if it remains idle. In the Terminate Instances dialog box, review the instance details then click Yes, Terminate to confirm your action. Later, when you need the information from the snapshot, use the snapshot to replace the EBS volume for use with your infrastructure. You're fine. Use these methods to prevent instance termination and volume deletion: Activate termination protection of the EBS volume when you launch an EC2 instance. ”. 모든 활성 리소스를 종료 (삭제)하려면 각 리전에서 다음 작업을 수행하세요. Reboot the instance from Windows "Start Menu" (or shutdown -r command in Linux)Delete or Terminate AWS Windows EC2 instance, By default, you can terminate your instance using the Amazon EC2 console, command line Duration: 2:41. Currently, changes to the ebs_block_device configuration of existing resources cannot be automatically detected by Terraform. Automatically Delete Terminated Instances in Chef Server with AWS Lambda. I launched two amazon ec2 instances using the online tool. Is there any way to have either ELB or an EC2 auto-scaling group terminate (or reboot) unhealthy instances from ELB? There are some specific database failure conditions in our front end which makes it turn unhealthy, so the ELB will stop routing traffic to it. To restore a terminated or deleted EC2 instance, you can create a new AMI (image) from the snapshot. You can manage your recovery instances on the Recovery instances page. Click on the instance and select the Terminate option. Under Actions, choose Delete snapshot. Clear Delete on instance termination. Though I’ll discuss a specific use case around Chef Server, you. terminate() terminate_instances. Select the image you created in the above step. Choose Stack actions and then choose Edit Termination Protection. For more information, see Deleting AWS OpsWorks Instances in the. After that one instance was created and running. When prompted for confirmation, choose Delete. (Optional) Enter a name for the network interface for. You must delete the stack that you created for your node group for Windows or Linux. aws ssm get-inventory can use --filters. aws_ami. It shows Replica in the Role column. Click on the device name to show the “Delete on termination” setting on the pop-up window. If the instance is already running, you can set DeleteOnTermination to False using the command line. The way I solve this problem is elastic-mapreduce --list --active to check only the active jobs. Open the Amazon EC2 console: Go to the AWS Management Console and navigate to the EC2 service by clicking on "EC2" in the services list. If you create an AMI from an EC2 instance, you can terminate the instance and create a new one from the AMI. What happens when you terminate an instanceTo better understand the differences between the two volume types, see Storage options for your Amazon EC2 instances. Detach the instance from your EC2 Auto Scaling group to remove it from the EC2 Auto Scaling. How can I delete an instance in Amazon EC2? I terminated the instance but still, it was showing in the instance list table. Select the services, and then choose Delete. Navigate to the new Amazon EMR console and select Switch to the old console from the side navigation. To force stop the instance, use the Amazon EC2 console or the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI). Your instance goes from the pending state to the terminated state. This allows the instance to be Started with the same configuration as when it was stopped. Remove the default inbound security. Deletes the specified EC2 Fleets. com, terminate. On the confirmation screen, choose Deregister. That seems unusually long in an auto-scaling group where instances are terminated every so often. Choose the Details view. Improve this answer. For procedures that use the Amazon EC2 console, see Create Alarms That Stop, Terminate, Reboot, or Recover an Instance in the Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. To delete an instance. Search for the instance that you would like to modify and right click on the instance. You may want to delete the recovery instance or instances if you already failed over into AWS, but have then decided to. Terminated instances remain visible after termination (for approximately one hour). How to change the pair key ? I don't have pair key for old Instances and I want to configure that instances. I followed the following steps when attaching my EC2 to the Auto Scaling Group (an AMI clone of the running EC2) - Attach EC2 Instances to Your Auto Scaling Group - Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling. That instance is also part of an auto-scaling group, which scales on the group's. After you successfully stop the instance, you can terminate it. For more information, see Deregister an Amazon EC2 backed. . I accidentally terminated an ec2 instance, but I have several snapshots of its volume. In the Networking tab, choose the primary network interface. Delete the remaining dependencies that you identified in step 1, and then retry deleting your Amazon VPC. It can be enabled or disabled on a per instance basis at anytime. Stop or shut down all your EC2 instances and load balancers . To delete terminated EC2 Instances, locate the instance you want to delete in the EC2 Console under the Instances page. Under the Network & Security tab, choose Elastic IPs. When you stop an EC2 instance, the instance will be shutdown and the virtual machine that was provisioned for you will be permanently taken away and you will no longer be charged for instance usage. Under Container instances, select the instance ID to deregister. if you have root volumes, make a snapshot of those you want to recover. Any data on the instance store volumes persists as long as the instance is running, but this data is deleted when the instance is terminated (instance store-backed instances do not support the Stop action) or if it fails (such as if an underlying drive has issues). Share. For you: Key=InstanceStatus,Values=Terminated,Type=NotEqual. import boto3. On the confirmation screen, choose Deregister. In the Networking tab, choose the primary network interface. Cause. To do this, open the Amazon EC2 Console, select the instance and then choose the ‘Actions’ drop-down menu. When an instance terminates, the data on any instance store volumes associated with thatinstance is deleted. 3. The resource status should change to. Below is where you would find the option in the menu (it's the last item), you can see the item at the bottom. When an Amazon EC2 instance is Terminated, EBS volumes might or might not be deleted, based upon the Delete on Termination setting of each. To get a list of these resources that are active on your account, run the following commands in the AWS Command Line Interface (AWS CLI): To stop all Amazon RDS related charges for an account, do the following in all AWS Regions: Delete all RDS DB instances. However, when I run terraform destroy the EC2 instance is terminated. py. Terminated instances remain visible after termination (for approximately one hour). . Select the Region in which you created the Amazon Connect instance. If a user named richard-roe attempts to start an Amazon EC2 instance, the instance must be tagged Owner=richard-roe or owner=richard-roe. If you had EBS Volume attached without flag for 'delete on termination' you can recover those data. You cannot delete. Choose Actions, Delete snapshot. On the Clusters page, select the cluster for the service. To search for an instance type that meets your requirements, see Find an Amazon EC2 instance type. Open the AWS Elastic Beanstalk console. For instructions on how to avoid this problem, see Security groups on the EC2 Instances page of this guide. The AWS CloudFormation documentation claims you can set a DeletionPolicy of Snapshot on an AWS::EC2. Click on the device name to show the “Delete on termination” setting on the pop-up window. Terminate or rebuild the Elastic Beanstalk environment. base_ami. 2. Instance C and Instance D fail to terminate because at least one of the specified instances in us-east-1b (Instance C) is enabled for termination protection. An IAM administrator can create, modify, and delete a service role from within IAM. Ran into this problem today, and I was able force delete using the AWS CLI. Choose Actions, Delete snapshot. When you delete the autoscaling group, any instances attached to the autoscaling group will. Hope it helps! Share. 25. PermissionsAWS - Cannot delete security groups. AWS Documentation Amazon EC2 User Guide for Linux Instances. The lifecycle of EBS volumes can be independent of Amazon EC2 compute instances. Then, choose Delete. A common example is dealing with the remnants of terminated instances from Auto Scaling groups. For more information, see Creating a role to delegate permissions to an AWS service in the IAM User Guide. Rebooting an instance is equivalent to rebooting an operating system. The procedures in this documentation use the CloudWatch console. For more information on what to expect when you switch to the old console, see Using the old console. Note that currently the automatically remove dead instances functionality only applies to terminated instances (i. Technically an EC2 instance will live forever in a stopped state. Click on the instance and select the Terminate option. . Base exception class for all service exceptions from EC2 service. 7. Terminated instances remain visible after termination (for approximately one hour). For example, if you run an instance for 20 seconds and then stop it, we charge for a full one minute. Under Description tab,scroll down to “Block devices". 使用以下方法之一从 EC2 自动扩缩组中移除仍列为 Healthy 和 InStandby 的已终止实例:. Throughout this post, I’ll talk about how you can use AWS Lambda and Amazon CloudWatch Events to automatically remove instances from Chef Server when an EC2 Instance is terminated. Select “Instances” from the left-hand menu. Select ‘Change Termination Protection’ under ‘Instance Settings’. 1. As part of an Amazon EC2 instance termination, the data on any instance store volumes associated with that instance is deleted. " This will remove all of resources associated with the selected recovery instance or instances from Elastic Disaster Recovery but will not terminate all related EC2 resources and the instance will keep on running on Amazon EC2. Select your cookie preferences We use essential cookies and similar tools that are necessary to provide our site and services. Delete snapshots that are no longer needed. 5. Choose Delete. But I have a big list of instances that I need to terminate so I'm searching for a solution. def terminateRegion (region, ignore_termination_protection=True): """This function creates an instance in the specified region, then gets the stopped and running instances in that region, then. What is the difference between these two methods and which one should I use for deleting the instance? Using terminate_instances() throws the. This flag can be enabled or disabled during the EC2 creation of Root volumes. It just sounds like you have unattached volumes. 50. In the navigation pane, choose Snapshots. If you have only one, it will come back when you restart. You can find a specific service by entering the service name in the search bar. Run a Windows PowerShell script to remove the computer from the domain. C:> aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id instance_id --no-disable-api-termination. Click on the instance and select the Terminate option. x and eb terminate --all --force to get a fresh start on the application. On the Delete AWS Supply Chain Instance page, under Confirmation, type delete to confirm that you want to delete the instance. Yes, instances are permanently deleted after termination. Click on launch and perform the other config, security groups, private key, etc…. This operation is asynchronous and returns before the WorkSpaces have been completely terminated. In the AWS Console select the EC2 service. Amazon EC2 console. 1. This Script will ask for the EC2 instance name on which you want to enable the Delete On Termination Flag and enables it on all the attached EBS volumes of the EC2 Instance. How to delete Amazon EC2 instancePlease see this Knowledge Center article to resolve such issue. Select the instance that you created for this tutorial, and choose Instance state, Terminate instance. If a termination request originates with Amazon EMR, and the Amazon EMR and Amazon EC2 settings for an instance conflict, the Amazon EMR. You can use one of the following commands. Open the Amazon EC2 console. Go to the EC2 Service. Yes, when you pay for a reserved instance, you will be billed wether you use it or not, and you could theoretically terminate and create a new instance ever day (week, month, hour etc), and still only pay for the single instance that you previously agreed to pay for, for the term you agreed to pay. Tools. A confirmation dialog will appear. If you create AWS resources by using Systems Manager Automation, you must manually delete those resources by using the corresponding AWS Management Console. An account is closed 90 days after it is suspended and terminated 150 after suspension. aws ec2 terminate-instances--instance-ids instance_id (Optional) If you are finished with the Amazon S3 bucket that you uploaded the bundle to, you can delete the bucket. If the EMR EC2 instance. By default, Amazon EC2 deletes all EBS volumes that were attached when the instance launched. Terminate an Amazon EC2 instance using an AWS SDK. You can't really clean them up, the job flow you created in last two weeks will show up if you call elastic-mapreduce --list. Describes the lifecycle of an Amazon EC2 instance, from launch to termination. 80 per year for each not associated Elastic IP Address. PDF RSS. Delete your RDS database To stop/terminate an EC2 instance that is not running within an AWS ASG, click the Actions dropdown button from the dashboard top menu, select Instance State and choose one of the following options: I. Select “Instances” from the left-hand menu. Choose Terminate. However when i apply this plan via terraform, and then try to terminate the instance via AWS console the block EBS volume, i. Click on actions and choose Release Address. An Amazon CloudWatch Events rule detects if the EC2 instance is in running or terminated state. if you have root volumes, make a snapshot of those you want to recover. Select the card for the environment, and then choose the Delete button. aws ec2 terminate-instances --instance-ids i-abcd1234 See: terminate-instances — AWS CLI Command Reference This, however, requires the **Instance ID*. def terminateRegion (region, ignore_termination_protection=True): """This function creates an instance in the specified region, then gets the stopped and running instances in that region, then. It them takes the hostname and deletes the computer object from AD. It's really useful content for those who want to disassociate elas. region. Select the desired region: In the top-right corner of the console, click on the region dropdown. Volumes attached after instance launch continue running. Example of CloudTrail Dashboard:Indicates whether the associated AWS resources should shut down when the environment is terminated: true: The specified environment as well as the associated AWS resources, such as Auto Scaling group and LoadBalancer, are terminated. Open the console and go to the EFS service. aws autoscaling delete-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name <asg name> --force-delete. So you can force the creation of the tag with a specific value on new instances, and then also limit the access levels of the user to start/stop/terminate them:I think I will have to terminate the EBS but I've already terminated the instance, don't remember passwords, and have deleted the key pair. Use the Remove-EC2Hosts AWS Tools for. Shuts down the specified instances. I've read that this deletes an instance, but it keeps reinstantiating itself. When you delete an Auto Scaling group, its desired, minimum, and maximum values are set to 0. After one minute, we charge only for the seconds you use. Use the following command: aws autoscaling detach-instances --instance-ids YOUR-INSTANCE-ID --no-should-decrement-desired-capacity --auto-scaling-group-name YOUR-ASG-NAME. In the navigation pane, choose AMIs. The force delete operation will also terminate the EC2 instances. As a result, the instances are terminated. This example shows you how to use the AWS SDK for . If you want to delete a DB instance in an Aurora DB cluster, see Deleting Aurora DB clusters and DB instances. To solve this problem, use an Elastic IP address. 2. Monitor your usage to make sure that you don't exceed the free tier offers again. (Optional) Terminate instancesUnfortunatly, when the instance is terminated the alarm isn't also removed leaving a growing list of alarms with "INSUFFICIENT_DATA" which have to be manually removed. Choose the DB snapshot that you want to delete. To terminate a cluster with termination protection on with the old console. Action examples are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. It's quite annoying and has already charged my some money. Not only can we create and modify an EC2 instance—boto3 also provided a method to terminate instances that are no longer required. NetCore AWSPowerShell Synopsis Calls the Amazon. What happens when you terminate AWS instance? Instance termination When an instance terminates, the data on any instance store volumes associated with that instance is deleted. 3. Example : aws ec2 terminate-instances --instance-ids <i-. $ aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute --instance-id instance_id--no-disable-api-termination Instances automatically launched or terminated. By default, an instance remains in the Terminating:Wait state for 3600 seconds (1 hour). You can use the Amazon EC2 console, AWS CLI, and instance metadata to view the IPv6 addresses for. Search for EC2 in the search bar at the top. Click on the instance and. Amazon EC2: Limits terminating EC2 instances to an IP address range. Click on “Actions” > “Instance State” > “Terminate. If you’d like to remove non-dead instances you should manually delete the device and either uncheck that AWS service entirely, uncheck that AWS region entirely or add tag filters in. When using Recycle Bin, if your resources are deleted, they are retained in the Recycle Bin for a time period that you specify before being permanently deleted. 150 I created an Amazon Free tier Usage Account. Identify the resources that generate charges. A busy developer can easily forget to manually delete the associated address. After creating an instance with that option, issuing the shutdown -h now command from within the instance will. In the console, a deleted endpoint no longer appears. 20 for. When the Auto Scaling group scales in, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling terminates one of the instances. You can select. delete-snapshot (AWS CLI) Remove-EC2Snapshot (AWS Tools for Windows PowerShell)2 Answers. Step 2: Create a Systems Manager automation document. Go to Security Groups under NETWORK & SECURITY on the sidebar. 참고: 삭제, 종료 또는 해제된 리소스를 복구할 수 없습니다. Terminate the instance. I just found terminate. Click on the instance and select the Terminate option. EXPERT. By default, Amazon EC2 deletes all EBS volumes that were attached when the instance launched. 1 && terraform taint aws_ebs_volume. To delete an instance, you use the command aws ec2 terminate-instances to delete it. We recommend that you use Amazon EC2 to reboot your instance instead of running the operating system reboot command from your instance. You can launch multiple instances of an AMI, as shown in. On the Cluster List page, select the cluster to terminate. Set the recovery behavior. You can't delete a volume if it's attached to an instance. Note: When you create or start an instance, it might remain in the pending. Select the autoscaling group. Instances and AMIs. Add a comment. In a large enterprise, this problem can become significant,. aws ec2 create-replace-root-volume-task --instance-id <value> --tag-specifications ResourceType=string,Tags=[{Key=delete-volume,Value=true}] After running this command, AWS will create a new EBS volume, add the tag to the old EBS replaced-volume=true, restart your instance, and attach the new volume to the instance as the. Terminate instances accepts multiple instance-ids at once. After you remove load balancers and Elastic Load Balancing environments, you can stop or terminate Amazon EC2 instances. Use AWS CLI. 2. Also, any container instances that are registered with this cluster must be deregistered or terminated before you can delete the cluster. By default, Amazon EC2 deletes all EBS volumes that were attached when the instance launched. 4 - in "Resource types" select "AWS::EC2::Instance". Delete unused storage volumes. If you have an unmanaged node group and didn't use a CloudFormation template to launch your worker nodes, then delete the Auto Scaling group for your worker nodes. 3. You can do this by selecting the instance in the AWS Management Console. aws. If you'd like to delete your environment, follow these instructions: Log into the Management Console, then select the region your environment is in from the drop-down menu in the upper right of the page. Reboot the instance from AWS commands. Anda dapat menghapus instance Anda saat tidak lagi membutuhkannya. resource('ec2') # iterate through instance IDs and terminate them for id. If you terminate multiple instances across. Click “Yes” to confirm. After the status changes to stopped, click delete. After a WorkSpace is terminated, the TERMINATED state is returned only briefly before the WorkSpace directory metadata is cleaned up, so this state is rarely returned. When you set your Auto Scaling group Desired count to 0, that told Auto Scaling that you didn't want any running instances. GwenM. Instances []. What I would try as a workaround is tainting the instance and ebs volume you want to delete with terraform taint aws_instance. To disable termination protection using the Amazon EC2 console, select the instance and then choose Actions, Instance Settings, Change Termination Protection. The following code terminate an instance based on ID and Region. In the navigation pane, choose Clusters. Hi Matt. You can add the stop, terminate, reboot, or recover actions to any alarm that is set on an Amazon EC2 per-instance metric, including basic and detailed monitoring metrics provided by Amazon CloudWatch (in the AWS/EC2 namespace), as well as any custom metrics that include the InstanceId dimension, as long as its value refers to a valid running. Select the AWS Region for your ECS service. To delete an instance. Resolution. To disable termination protection for a running or stopped instance. Stopping an instance allows you to start it again later, but you might be charged for storage. To verify the root device type of an instance, you can use the Amazon EC2 console or the AWS CLI. id count =. 2. import boto3. For more information on the No reboot option, see step 6 in Creating a Linux AMI from an instance. Yes, you can delete a terminated EC2 instance. terminate () In the list of environments, for the environment that you want to delete, do one of the following actions. Amazon EC2 instances. Steps to remove a terminated EC2 instance. Make sure to use the should-decrement-desired-capacity flag. The following code examples show how to terminate an Amazon EC2 instance. 1. To stop the instance click Stop. delete-on-termination - A Boolean that indicates whether the EBS volume is deleted on instance termination. In my immediate case, I am using the AWS Terraform provider to create an aws_eks_node_group resource; in other words,. If the instance is a member of more than one layer, layer AWS OpsWorks Stacks displays the following section. Finally, on the next confirmation pop-up, choose Yes to confirm the termination of the AWS instance. Multiple API calls may be issued in order to retrieve the entire data set of results. kentrad. EC2 instance passes health checks but no longer can SSH in. If you are using the python boto API (for example) that would be: import boto conn = boto. In this step, I create an automation document named LifeCycleHookDoc. (Optional) Terminate instancesGo to the EC2 Service. The following code examples show how to terminate an Amazon EC2 instance. In the navigation pane, under Elastic Block Store, choose Snapshots. Go to console right click on the instance and select "Change termination protection". Step One: Create a Snapshot of the Instance. EXPERT. On the Container Instance : id page, choose Deregister. For example, lets say you reopen your AWS account 30 days after closure. The way I set this up, in short, is: Create a role that allows auto scaling to post a message to an SQS queue. It stops everything. Terminate an instance. To remove instances from the Auto Scaling group before deleting it, call the DetachInstances API with the list of instances and the option to decrement the desired capacity. Related searches to aws stop all services. 1,228 11 25. aws autoscaling delete-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name modify-this-with-auto-scaling-group-name. In my immediate case, I am using the AWS Terraform provider to create an aws_eks_node_group resource; in other words, Terraform is creating a managed. Choose Delete.